May 2022 – The KGP Chronicle

Training Course on Human Factors Engineering in Healthcare Systems

Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur conducted a five days training course on Human Factors Engineering in Healthcare Systems in collaboration with Purdue University, USA from 16 to 20 May 2022, under the SPARC (Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration). The lecture sessions focused on four important aspects related to the healthcare systems including Information-centred Human Factors, Human Body-centred Ergonomics, Organisation-centred Human Factors and Applications of HFE in Healthcare Systems. Based on the outcome of this training course, a number of courses in the form of subject, laboratory and project are to be designed at UG and PG levels for Educational Institutes, Universities and Research Institutions along with development of syllabi for the course ‘Human Factors Engineering in Healthcare Systems’, as the core or elective subject. SPARC Project Principal Investigators (PIs) (Indian and International), Physician Experts and Academicians acted as the resource persons for the course. This training course was attended by a number of research scholars and postgraduate students from IIT Kharagpur and other educational institutions.

Renowned personalities like Professor Virendra Kumar Tewari, Director, IIT Kharagpur & Indian Co-PI ; Professor Denny Yu, Faculty, School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, USA & International PI; Dr. Sandip Halder, Consultant Surgeon, General Surgery, Department, Dr Gray’s Hospital, Elgin, Scotland, UK; Professor Somnath Gangopadhyay, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata; Professor Jhareswar Maiti, Head of Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur & Professor Pradip Kumar Ray, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur & Indian PI addressed the participants.

Prof Pradip Kumar Ray,
Emeritus Professor,
Dept of Industrial & Systems Engineering,
IIT Kharagpur

“With active participation of International and Indian PIs of the project, invited physician experts and academics of repute, and effective interaction with the research scholars, the Training Programme has been a great success fulfilling its objectives. A unique academic course on Human Factors Engineering in Healthcare Systems with its relevance at the international level has been designed”, stated Prof Pradip Kumar Ray, Emeritus Professor, Dept of Industrial Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur.

The Human Factors Engineering discipline has been developed to encompass an increasing number and type of interactions between people and systems. The course is designed to teach both the fundamentals and applications of human factors and ergonomics in healthcare system. The topics covered in this course include human physiology and anthropometry, fatigue assessment, human information processing and control, assessment of environmental factors and fundamentals of industrial product design including interface design.

At the outset, Prof Pradip Kumar Ray, Emeritus Professor, IIT Kharagpur engaged the participants with the effects of ergonomics in designing human-product interfaces in healthcare systems and anthropomometry in worksystem design. On the second day Prof Jhareswar Maiti, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur highlighted the cognitive load and data and analytics in human factors & ergonomics in healthcare. Prof Denny Yu, Faculty, School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, USA gave his insight on the current trends and interface design for jobs in healthcare systems with case studies on the third and fourth day. Dr. Yu is an Adjunct Assistant Professor of Surgery at Indiana University School of Medicine and is a Certified Professional Ergonomist (CPE). He serves on the Board of Directors for the Board of Certification of Professional Ergonomics (BCPE). Research from Dr. Yu’s group has been recognized by NIOSH Bullard-Sherwood Award as honorable mention, the RSJ/KROS Distinguished Interdisciplinary Research Award (RO-MAN) 2021 and the 2021 Human Factors Prize by the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. He has published over 40 peer – review journal manuscripts in human factors engineering with a focus on discovering objective features from sensors and health datasets for understanding human behavior and performance in complex, high-stress environments.

From L-R : Prof Jhareswar Maiti, Head of Dept of Industrial & Systems Engineering; Prof Denny Yu, Faculty, School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, USA; Prof Virendra Kumar Tewari, Director, IIT Kharagpur and Prof Pradip Kumar Ray, Emeritus Professor, Dept of Industrial Systems Engineering, IIT Kharagpur

Dr. Yu remarked,” It is indeed a pleasure to visit IIT Kharagpur and collaborate on the ergonomics of the healthcare system. We look forward to future associations with the oldest IIT of India.”

Dr. Sandip Halder, Consultant Surgeon, General Surgery Department, Dr Gray’s Hospital, Elgin, Scotland, UK discussed about the use of automation systems and devices in healthcare and Prof Somnath Gangopadhyay, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata explained the cognitive task analysis on the concluding days.

The Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC) is an initiative of Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India which aims at improving the research ecosystem of India’s higher educational institutions by facilitating academic and research collaborations between top ranked Indian Institutions and globally ranked foreign institutions, through Joint Research Projects involving mobility of students and faculty. The SPARC projects have a major impacts in providing the best international expertise to address major national problems, expose Indian academicians to the best collaborators abroad, enable international faculty to stay in India for a considerable duration, provide Indian students an opportunity to work in the world class laboratories, to develop strong bilateral relationships in research and improve the international ranking of Indian Institutions globally improving the research ecosystem of the country. About 390 projects of a grant worth INR 251.09 Crores were approved in its first phase.

Content Writer:- Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007

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Study on Qualitative Aspects of Sharing School Transport in Kolkata

Highlights :

To minimize traffic congestion, shared transport is necessary
Maintain police record of all the drivers and conductors involved in the school transportation
Punctuality of service, staff behavior, safety and security may bring down the share of private cars by 5-7 %

With the rising ownership of private cars, people have become prone to the traffic congestion as a regular intake of distress. Reopening schools after a hibernation of two years have exploded the roads with private cars as the safest and favoured mode of transport for children. Considering personalized transport as a basic insurance from the pandemic that we are still enduring, shared school transport have taken a hit among the parents in view of the safety of their children. Shared transportation plays a critical role in maintaining the balance of cars is to people ratio in the region of its operation. As per reports, the traffic gets choked up the most during the school hours making a travel harassment for people on road. Owing to such aggravating situations, researchers at IIT Kharagpur and Kolkata Traffic Police have launched a project to ensure the safety of school children on the road and to alleviate traffic congestion around schools during the school hours. The Institute has identified qualitative aspects of school buses like safety, security, staff behaviour, punctuality, protection from pollution and comfort as priority areas of intervention to make shared services attractive to parents. The study highlights the necessity and utilization of shared modes as a method to minimize congestion in the narrow roads of the city.

“The research began about five years ago with the identification of a comprehensive list of attributes that affect the choice of the mode of transport to schools based on the views of the school authorities, expert opinion and perspective of the vehicle operators. An extensive survey was conducted to understand the perceptions of parents in the city, taking into account the needs for both car-owning and non-car-owning parents. In Kolkata, nearly 12,000 parents were contacted for the survey and over 7000 of them responded. The survey was conducted in two rounds. In the first round, it found out the priority attributes which need improvements, while in the second it captured the impact of improving priority attributes on the choice of mode for transport to schools,” said Professor Bhargab Moitra of Civil Engineering, IIT Kharagpur.”

Prof Bhargab Moitra
Civil Engineering
IIT Kharagpur

As part of the research, a standard operating procedure is developed for all stakeholders involved in school trips. Improvements of identified attributes even in lieu of required fare increment are expected to increase the attractiveness of the shared modes for school trips, and bring down the share of private cars by 5-7 %. Also, with the improvements, the generalized cost to the non-car-owning parents is expected to reduce by 2-3 % indicating benefits. The overall reduction in the traffic volume during school opening and closing hours is expected to reduce the vehicular emission and bring environmental benefits.

Prof Moitra stated while quoting the study, “The findings of the project justify a shift from the current fare-centric approach to an improvement of the overall service with adequate emphasis on relevant qualitative and quantitative attributes. School children, their parents, school bus drivers and conductors, as well as the enforcement authority, the school administration and the police are the stakeholders in school trips. A standard operating procedures (SOP) was suggested by the report which demanded the police, school management and enforcement authorities to maintain police records of all the drivers and conductors involved in school transportation. Every driver should have at least five years of driving experience prior to taking up the assignment in schools, a record of all the vehicles involved in school transportation and enforce speed governors for school vehicles.”

The SOP also asked the parents of school children to check the driving license of the driver, keeping a copy of the same along with the registration number of the vehicle. Other measures like checking the condition of the tyres of the vehicle, strongly discouraging the use of worn off or resoled tyres, not allowing children to travel without the seat belt, prohibiting consumption of tobacco and alcohol by the drivers and conductors on duty and not to leave the small children unattended while dropping them back near their homes, were also advised. As for the children they should walk on the designated footpaths, should not cross roads without the assistance of an elder person and go back home for help if they missed their school vehicle.

Content Writer : Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007

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Media Coverage :

News 18

Telegraph

NDTV Education

Own Your Hall Room

The Office of the Alumni Affairs of IIT Kharagpur initiated a new campaign, “Own Your Hall Room,” with the intent of modernizing the infrastructure of the respective Halls of Residence for the students. The Hall Development Campaign is one of the most supported campaigns by the Alumni Fraternity of IIT Kharagpur. Renovation of the Halls which are a reminiscence of the old memories and the plinth of forming new ones, is a wonderful opportunity for the alumni to keep their signature on their very own campus. A donor will be recognized by an individual plaque that will enlist his/her name along with his/her respective batch and department which will be placed outside the room.

The former Director of IIT Kharagpur, Prof. Damodar Acharya is the flag bearer of this initiative who donated for renovating the hall rooms where he stayed during his stint as an IITian. Rahul Pakrashi, Prakash Kumar Chatterjee, Dilip Kumar Chanda, Sankar Lal Chanda, Subir Chowdhury, Dilip Bhattacharjee, Sreenivasulu Sreerama, Day Veerlapati, Sarbari Gupta, Amod Gujral, Arjun Malhotra, Rupesh Gupta, Sanket Sinha, Tribikram Kundu, Arup K Paul, Samuel Thomas, Ishrat Jameel and Anurag Agarwal have been the recent contributors of this campaign. Over the years, the institute has received unprecedented support from our esteemed alumni for various developmental projects. IIT KGP honours and respects the gratitude they show towards their Alma Mater.

Prof Damodar Acharaya
Ex – Director & Alumnus
IIT Kharagpur

Under this campaign, our very own Prof Jayanta Mukhopadhyay, Dean Outreach & Alumni Affairs, an Alumnus himself came forward and contributed towards his Alma Mater. He donated to renovate his Hall Room (LLR-C230) where he used to stay during his college days. He stayed in Lala Lajpat Hall of Residence from 1980-1989 completing his B.Tech, M.Tech and PhD in Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering from IIT Kharagpur. Out of the 7 long years (1982-1989) of his academic stay at IIT Kharagpur, he stayed in this particular room which is C-230. Office of Alumni Affairs of IIT Kharagpur welcomes his contribution as a token of appreciation towards this Institute.

Prof Jayanta Mukhopadhyay
Dean Outreach & Alumnus
IIT Kharagpur

On this reminiscence of memorabilia, Prof. Mukhopadhyay remarked, “I am very delighted to donate a small amount as a gesture of gratitude towards my Alma Mater for renovating the room and in general for the development of the Halls. I request all my friends and Alumni of this Institute to join this campaign and cherish this bond which will stay with us forever. I take this opportunity to convey my greetings and best wishes to all the Lajpatians past and present.”

For more, click:

http://alumni.iitkgp.ac.in.s3-website.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/giving_back

Content Writer:- Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007

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Prediction of Crystal Properties through AI assisted Machine Learning – CrysXPP

Hearing the word crystals, people commonly recognize it to be a shiny material associated with a part of jewellery considering their shapes of flat faces with sharp angles. In actuality, crystalline materials have a much wider range of applications, for example in laser technology, optics, high-energy physics, biomedical technology and light-emitting diodes. Each area of application requires a specific type of material. New crystalline materials are constantly being tested to determine whether they have the desired properties. A crystal is scientifically defined by its microscopic atomic arrangement, not its macroscopic shape. Its crystallographic forms are sets of possible faces of the crystal that are related by one of the symmetries of the crystal. For example, crystals of galena often take the shape of cubes, and the six faces of the cube belong to a crystallographic form that displays one of the symmetries of the isometric crystal system. The visible external shape of a crystal is determined by its structure, the specific crystal chemistry, bonding and the conditions under which the crystal formed. The symmetry of crystal is constrained by the requirement that the unit cells stack perfectly with no gaps. There are 219 possible crystal symmetries called crystallographic space groups.

Until now, crystalline materials have been difficult to test on a large scale and to find suitable materials. Determining the electronic, magnetic and elastic properties of a crystal is often time-consuming, expensive and calculation-intensive as it requires extensive experimentation.

To solve both the problem of costly experiments and of computing-intensive theoretical estimation, researchers at IIT Kharagpur in collaboration with the Indo-Korea Science and Technology Center (IKST) have now developed a method called CrysXPP to predict the properties of crystalline materials through machine learning as a popular alternative. Machine learning algorithms are data-intensive. It involves a large amount of data from the source materials which are labelled with property labels to accurately predict properties of new crystals. With these shortcomings in mind, CrysXPP was developed, as a machine learning system that enables rapid prediction of various material properties with high precision.

Professor Niloy Ganguly
Computer Science & Engineering
IIT Kharagpur

Prof Niloy Ganguly, Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Kharagpur and Visiting Professor at L3S Research Centre, Germany stated that, “The published work addresses the important problem of sparse and opaque data, which are the main obstacles in predicting the properties of crystals quickly and accurately.”

While property-laden data is scarce, the simple structural information of crystals is abundant. CrysXPP takes advantage of this because the individual atoms and their interconnections in the crystal structure are also responsible for the specific properties of the crystal. IIT KGP Chronicle entails into a generic chat with Associate Professor Pawan Goyal, Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Kharagpur and fellow researcher of this study to expedite their findings.

Prof Pawan Goyal, Associate Professor
Computer Science & Engineering
IIT Kharagpur

Q. What is the aim of this research? Can you elaborate on the general impact of AI and deep learning on Computational Material Science?

Crystalline materials have a wide range of applications, for example in laser technology, optics, high-energy physics, biomedical technology or light-emitting diodes. Each area of application requires a specific type of crystalline material. New crystalline materials are constantly being tested to determine whether they have the desired properties.

Ascertaining a crystal’s properties, such as the Electronic Band Gap, Formation Energy, Magnetic Moments and so on, is often time-consuming and expensive because it necessitates extensive experimentation. Therefore, such a process is not scalable when one desires to scan through thousands of crystals to determine the most desirable crystal material suitable for a particular task. A second-best method is, instead of doing explicit experimentation, the properties are calculated with reasonable accuracy through a theoretical manner such as Density Functional Theory popularly known as DFT. However, this process is computationally heavy. To tackle both the problems of costly experimentation and theoretical estimation via heavy simulations, Machine Learning (ML) methods are increasingly becoming a popular alternative. Machine Learning methods are fast and do not involve costly calculations. But the problem with machine learning algorithms are, they are data intensive that require to be trained with a large amount of property-tagged data of stock materials to make accurate property predictions of new crystals. Such property-tagged data is not available sufficiently. Moreover, whatever is available is not experimentally derived property rather theoretically (DFT) calculated, hence training with theoretically derived data can lead to biases and inaccuracies within the system.

To overcome these limitations, researchers at IIT Kharagpur and Indo-Korea Science and Technology Centre (IKST), Bangalore have proposed CrysXPP, a new method to predict the properties of crystalline materials through machine learning. The result was recently published in the NPJ Computational Materials, a journal of the prestigious Nature Publishing Group.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41524-022-00716-8

Q. What significant impact has been created by this research and further what is expected out of it?

CrysXPP is a machine learning (deep-learning) framework which allows rapid prediction of different properties of materials with high precision. We know that while property-tagged data is sparse, the simple structural information of the crystals is available in abundance. Also the atomic properties of each atom in the crystal and their interconnection in the crystal structure, are responsible for specific properties of the crystal. CrysXPP converts such crystal 3D structure information into 2D graphs and initially learns their structural properties. Then it is trained with the small amount of property-tagged available data. The two-stage training successfully helps in circumventing the problem of the sparsity of property-tagged data, the first stage helps in capturing all their important structural and chemical information and due to this only a small amount of tagged data for property prediction becomes good enough to give an accurate prediction. The performance even overcomes the hindrance of being trained with datasets that have some inaccuracies due to limitations of DFT.

Another important shortcoming of ML models in general is interpretability, it generally fails in providing reasons behind the manifestation of certain crystalline properties, thus making its usage unattractive and unconvincing to practitioners. CrysXPP incorporates a feature selector in its design which acts as a switch pinpointing the exact features of the constituent atoms responsible behind the crystal expressing a particular (range of value) property.

To summarize it, this paper published in the prestigious nature-group journal addresses the important problem of data sparsity and opaqueness which are the main obstacles in predicting the properties of crystals quickly and accurately.

Q. What is the future of this study? What are your other major projects at present?

At the core of the innovation, there is a deep-learning based autoencoder to incorporate the structural information of a lot of materials, which can transfer knowledge to an explainable property predictor. We are planning to undertake a larger-scale study using more materials. We are also planning to use the predictor as a reward function to accelerate the generation of new materials.

Contact: Niloy Ganguli, Professor, Computer Science; Email – niloy@cse.iitkgp.ac.in & Prof. Pawan Goyal, Associate Professor, Computer Science & Engineering; Email – pawang@cse.iitkgp.ac.in

Content Writer:- Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007

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IIT Kharagpur inked a MoU with Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth in Digital Farming Solutions

IIT Kharagpur signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth (VNMKV), Parbhani, Maharashtra on 03 May 2022 under the World Bank and ICAR sponsored project named “NAHEP-CAAST-DFSRDA” in the presence of Dr. Ashoke Dhawan, Vice Chancellor, VNMKV. The National Agricultural Higher Education Project (NAHEP) – Centre of Excellence for Digital Farming Solutions enhances productivity by Agri – Bots, Agri – Drones and Agri – AGVs.

This institutional collaboration in various spheres of education will enable the students to acquire industry relevant education, training and skills. Both the institutions will indulge in the scope of cooperation in the field of curriculum development, student-intern programs, consultancy projects, faculty exchange programs, knowledge sharing, student mentoring, pilot and proof of concept programs. Further this association also aims at enhancing the technological, social and cultural relations through faculty and student exchange programmes, joint research projects, coordinated graduate degree programme and joint academic activities and events. Dr. Gopal U. Shinde, Principal Investigator, NAHEP-CAAST-DFSRDA, VNMKV, Parbhani will be the coordinator from VNMKV. This cooperation also aims at enhancing the technological, social and cultural relations of both the institutions.

Prof V K Tewari, Director, IIT Kharagpur remarked, “Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy contributing about 18% to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Rural India is now drastically moving towards digitization and technology. Today India has the potential economic value of $50-65 billion through digital agriculture by 2025, translating to 23% addition to the current value of agricultural produce. There are many pro-farmers apps that are helping the farmers with this transition of modernization. It’s time that we focus on Digital Agriculture with E-Utptadana.”

Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth (VNMKV) is one of four Agricultural Universities in the State of Maharashtra established in May 18, 1972 to fulfill the regional aspirations of agrarian growth. It is entrusted with the responsibilities to provide education in agriculture, allied fields, humanities with research base to improve the productivity of important agri-horticulture, livestock, fisheries and agri-allied activities to undertake research and facilitate technology transfer in Marathwada region of Maharashtra.

Dr. Ashoke Dhawan, Vice Chancellor, VNMKV stated, “I am looking forward to this association with IIT Kharagpur where we can contribute effectively in creating Digital Farming Solutions.”

The NAHEP supports the Country Partnership Strategy and addresses the three engagement areas of integration, transformation and inclusion. These engagement areas foresee increased agricultural productivity and support quality improvements of higher education to create a more skilled workforce that continuously improves the productivity of key sectors, including agriculture. The proposed project is a Multi-Global Practice Collaboration between Agriculture and Education to support activities and results directly related to cross-cutting strategic areas of climate change, jobs and gender. The proposed NAHEP would contribute to the achievement of four Sustainable Development Goals by ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all; equal access to affordable vocational training; greater gender and wealth equity through universal access to quality higher education; support financial interventions that increase the supply of qualified technicians and teachers; promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth & employment; seeking higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgradation and innovation.

Content Writer:- Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007

IIT Kharagpur launches Joint Certification Programme with Virginia Tech of USA

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India and Virginia Tech, USA jointly organizes an online certification course in Business Analytics and Artificial Intelligence. The course will be spanning over nine months commencing from May 30, 2022 to January 07, 2023 and with 3 months project work. The Institutes invites both students and industry executives across the world to apply for this programme. About 100 candidates would be selected based on their academic background and working experience. This collaboration is a step towards addressing the challenges of intelligent computation and interpretation of data produced at the rate of 2.5 quintillion bytes every day. The certificate program prepares analytical talent for today’s market that demands an understanding of artificial intelligence and its applications in data analytics. With an interdisciplinary approach as envisaged in NEP 2020, the program helps to identify the utility in data and develop innovative thinkers providing effective solutions that benefit the society with the ease of living in a data driven world.

The program integrates four dimensions of the analytic world comprising of data, computational models, technology, and applications. Through a series of modules organized along these dimensions, the faculties and the coursework is equipped with a new way of thinking and a new set of skills that address the challenges of today’s world. Organized into multiple sequential units with the last 3 months dedicated to a comprehensive capstone project under the guidance of IIT Kharagpur and Virginia Tech faculty. Upon completion of all requirements, the students will obtain a certificate in Business Analytics and AI from IIT Kharagpur and Virginia Tech. The classes are modular in approach where each module is led by an expert faculty member. Other experts from industry and academia will assist the lead faculty members with further value additional insights. The models proffered by AI and data science are robust, however, its applications are challenging. The course will prepare the individuals to apply the models in different domains including health sciences, business and engineering. The programme module comprises of prerequisite software including Python, Introduction to Business Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Structured and Unstructured Databases, Statistics for Business Analytics, Classification and Clustering Methods, Neural Networks, Deep Learning, Decision Trees; Hands-on Pytorch, Tensor-Flow, Visualization and Storytelling with Data, Big Data, Application Domains and Case Studies on Computer Vision, NLP and Sentiment Mining, Time Series Modelling, Integration with other Technologies and Industry Talk Series.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging tool that enables people to rethink how to integrate information, analyze data, and use the resulting insights to improve decision making having the ability to perform business tasks, transforming every walk of life. Modern technologies produces a vast amount of information that provides businesses an opportunity to understand customer preferences and needs better performance especially developed to satisfy technological pursuits of the largest democracy in the world. With more time spent on smart devices and increased interaction with search engines, social media and news feeds, the nature of data continues to evolve with a degree of anarchy. With the mix of Internet of Things (IoT), it is observed that the volume, velocity, and variety of data require thinking within a completely new paradigm. Students who transform to become future innovative think tanks can provide effective solutions that will benefit the immediate community and the world.

Prof V K Tewari, Director, IIT Kharagpur remarked – “This collaboration in business analytics and AI will encourage future leaders of transformative technology and engage them to think entrepreneurially. Structured as well as unstructured data i.e the Big Data is growing significantly faster than data in rows and columns. In the long term, the explainable artificial intelligence and automation will help in solving long pending legal cases.

Virginia Tech is a US-based public land-grant research university with its main campus in Blacksburg. It inculcates transdisciplinary approach to prepare scholars to be leaders and problem-solvers. It offers about 280 undergraduate and graduate degree programs to more than 37,000 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students and manages a research portfolio of more than $556 million. The university fosters a collaborative environment that integrates technology into all disciplines and has educational facilities in six regions across the USA with a research centre in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, and a study-abroad site in Riva San Vitale, Switzerland.

For more information visit the link below:

https://erp.iitkgp.ac.in/InfoCellDetails/resources/external/cepdata?course_id=IIT/CEP/CFC/CFC/2022-2023/AL/15

Content Writer:- Poulami Mondal, Digital & Creative Media Executive (Creative Writer)
Email: poulami.mondal@iitkgp.ac.in, media@iitkgp.ac.in, Ph. No.: +91-3222-282007